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Eton College, often informally referred to simply as Eton, is an English boys' independent boarding school located in Eton, Berkshire, near Windsor. It educates over 1,300 pupils, aged 13 to 18 years. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor",〔Nevill, p.3 ff.〕 making it the 18th oldest HMC school. Eton is one of ten English Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference schools, commonly referred to as "public schools", regulated by the Public Schools Act of 1868. Following the public school tradition, Eton is a full boarding school, which means all pupils live at the school, and it is one of four such remaining single-sex boys' public schools in the United Kingdom (the others being Harrow, Radley, and Winchester) to continue this practice. Eton has educated 19 British prime ministers and generations of the aristocracy and has been referred to as the chief nurse of England's statesmen.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=BBC News - UK - Eton - the establishment's choice )〕 Charging up to £11,478 per term (there are three terms per academic year) in 2014/15, Eton is the sixth most expensive HMC boarding school in the UK.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=PRIVATE SCHOOL FEES )〕 ==Background== Eton has a long list of distinguished former pupils. David Cameron is the 19th British prime minister to have attended the school, and has recommended that Eton set up a school in the state sector to help drive up standards. Eton now co-sponsors a state sixth-form college in Newham, a deprived area of East London, called the London Academy of Excellence, opened in 2012, which is free of charge and aims to get all its students into higher education. In September 2014, Eton opened, and became the sole educational sponsor for, a new purpose-built co-educational state boarding and day school for around 500 pupils, ''Holyport College'', in Maidenhead in Berkshire, with construction costing around £15 million, in which a fifth of places for day pupils will be set aside for children from poor homes, 21 boarding places will go to youngsters on the verge of being taken into care, and a further 28 boarders will be funded or part-funded through bursaries. About 20% of pupils at Eton receive financial support, through a range of bursaries and scholarships.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Tatler Schools Guide 2012 - Eton College )〕 The recent Head Master, Tony Little, said that Eton is developing plans to allow any boy to attend the school whatever his parents' income and, in 2011, said that around 250 boys received "significant" financial help from the school. In early 2014, this figure had risen to 263 pupils receiving the equivalent of around 60% of school fee assistance, whilst a further 63 received their education free of charge. Little said that, in the short term, he wanted to ensure that around 320 pupils per year receive bursaries, and that 70 were educated free of charge, with the intention that the number of pupils receiving financial assistance would continue to increase.〔(Eton College to admit pupils irrespective of family income ) Author: Graeme Patton, Education Editor. Publisher: ''Daily Telegraph''. Published: 5 February 2014. Retrieved: 1 March 2014.〕 These comparatively new developments will run alongside long-established courses that Eton has provided for pupils from state schools, most of them in the summer holidays (July and August). Launched in 1982, the ''Universities Summer School'' is an intensive residential course open to boys and girls throughout the UK who attend state schools, are at the end of their first year in the Sixth Form, and are about to begin their final year of schooling.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Universities Summer School )〕 The ''Brent-Eton Summer School'', started in 1994, offers 40-50 young people from the London Borough of Brent, an area of inner-city deprivation, an intensive one-week residential course, free of charge, designed to help bridge the gap between GCSE and A-level.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Brent-Eton Summer School )〕 In 2008, Eton helped found the ''Eton, Slough, Windsor and Hounslow Independent and State School Partnership'' (ISSP), with six local state schools. The ISSP's aims are "to raise pupil achievement, improve pupil self-esteem, raise pupil aspirations and improve professional practice across the schools".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Eton, Slough, Windsor and Hounslow Independent and State School Partnership )〕 Eton also runs a number of choral and English language courses during the summer months. In the run-up to the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games and London 2012 Summer Paralympic Games, Eton's purpose-built Dorney Lake, a permanent, eight-lane, 2,200 metre course (about 1.4 miles) in a 400-acre park, officially known throughout the Games as ''Eton Dorney'', provided training facilities for Olympic and Paralympic competitors, and during the Games, hosted the Olympic and Paralympic Rowing competitions as well as the Olympic Canoe Sprint event,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Eton Dorney )〕 attracting over 400,000 visitors during the Games period (around 30,000 per day), and voted the best 2012 Olympic venue by spectators.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Dorney Lake and the 2012 Olympics )〕 Access to the 400-acre parkland around the Lake is provided to members of the public, free of charge, almost all the year round.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Dorney Lake - Leisure )〕 In the past, Eton has educated generations of British and foreign aristocracy, and for the first time, members of the Royal family, Prince William and his brother Prince Harry, in contrast to the Royal tradition of male education at either naval college or Gordonstoun, or by Palace tutors. Registration at birth has been consigned to the past,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Entry to Eton: Registration, Selection and House Placement )〕 and by the mid-1990s, Eton ranked among Britain's top three schools in getting its pupils into Oxford and Cambridge. Eton has traditionally been referred to as "the chief nurse of England's statesmen", and has been described as the most famous public school in the world. Early in the 20th century, a historian of Eton wrote, "No other school can claim to have sent forth such a cohort of distinguished figures to make their mark on the world."〔Nevill, p.1.〕 The ''Good Schools Guide'' called the School "the number one boys' public school," adding, "The teaching and facilities are second to none."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Eton College )〕 The School is a member of the G20 Schools Group. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eton College」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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